The Abuse of Freedom of Speech

The Ab make use of of Freedom of SpeechFreedom of Speech, one of the Statess downfalls. One of the biggest misconceptions at present a days is that many of todays generation has exercised their freedom of speech inappropriately. They devote cruelly misused and twistd it by using it as an excuse to be discriminative, unpleasant, and barbarous.42% of teenagers with tech access report being cyber bullied over the past year, this is because technology has created a generation that have gained the wrong kind of confidence from behind a computing machine or cell phone screen. Social media outlets and many other sources have become a crutch for allowing this corruption of what we call one our Constitutional Rights. Yes America has the right to express its freedom, but does that mean we have to cruel and malicious when we become upset?When it come to expressing opinions, masses now have no problem with doing so. Whether that be over a cellphone, computer, through mail, or in person, A merica never fails to get it their point across. This comes with many downfalls, these methods may be effective, but sometimes people burn down get caught in the crossfire. For example in 2007, Katherine Evans a senior at Pembroke Pines Charter High School exerted her freedom of speech. Evans disliked one special(prenominal) teacher that she decided to create a facebook page trashing her. Yes, Evans did create the page off campus, and it didnt involve any threatening or vulgar words, but it isnt ethically right. Did this teacher really deserve this hurtful defamation? Also many websites are aiding and protecting these freedom of Speech abusers in certain cases, with their terms of use and policies leaving various ways to hurt people.The faster, easier, and cheaper it becomes to communicate and connect with people, the more(prenominal) effortlessly we will abuse our freedom of speech and expression. For instance ranching funky rumors that could ruin someones reputation can now b e done within a matter off seconds. 2.8% of students report that they have had harmful information spread about them. This kind of quick-fire approach to spilling our opinions has created a culture of criticism. Today seven-in-ten Americans use social media to connect with one another Thats a large portion of America taking part in a society thats rapped up in judging others and crossing boundaries of our constitutional rights. Social media sites have received lash keystone for allowing users to post offensive post about other people onto their sites. Also social media is now creating more ways to attack people, ANONYMOUSLY More and more apps are being created to use anonymously. This only encourages the abuse of freedom of speech. To top it all off, its all public and there for everyone to see. Freedom of speech is scaling high everyday with disregard of the consequences of misusing it.Posting pictures without someones permission has gotten out of control. Some are not meant mali ciously, but theres some that can destroy opportunities for a person. This is a expiry of one of many ways we misuse our right to freedom of speech. We have engulfed ourselves into our virtual lives that we forget there are consequences to our actions, when we post something about someone. Once its uploaded, its now forever in the World Wide Web. There are many instances of teenagers that have posted pictures of others and that other person has suffered severe repercussions because of it. Our perceptions of right and wrong have been swayed because too many people abuse the right to express their opinions, by attacking innocent people, and those undeserving of others criticism. There are many consequences to misusing freedom of speech, much(prenominal) as people who have committed self-destruction, or attempted suicide. Every year 864,950 people attempt suicide. This mean one person tries to commit suicide every thirty-eight seconds because people have the liberty to express their opinion whether that be good or bad. Of the 69% of teens that own technology, 80% are active voice on social media. This is a large portion of our youth and future leaders.Celebrities, politicians, authors, normal everyday people, are exposed to cruel and perverted individuals who believe that they can say whatever they want. Various mainstream issues such as racism, feminism, and equal pay are being fueled by people who are ignorant to culture, because they feeling the need to express what they believe despite being politically incorrect. Yes Freedom of speech gives us the right to verbally express how we feel, but not to degrade, humiliate, curse, and abuse people. Four-in-ten Millennials say the government should be able to prevent people from publicly making statements that are offensive to minority groups. Many people may protest with government censoring, but consider all the suicides, attempted suicides, riots, that all could be avoided. The integrity of Americas freedom of speech has been compromised.Freedom of speech has been misused, abused, and thrown around, like trash. For the rice beer of Americas youth and future generations there needs to be change. America cannot continue to allow such verbal attacks to ensue on undeserving people or on social media. Society should start respecting freedom of speech. People think before speaking or typing, show empathy, see past what you disagree. Make a change in the nation for the better.

Funding Accommodation for NHS Service Users

Funding Accommodation for NHS Service exploitersThe implications of providing and/or funding allowance for service users chthonic the NHS and Community C ar play 1990 and Mental health Act 1983Community c be is wrought with conflicting duties, in the first instance solicituders in the community must preserve life and dignity further also fulfill the wishes of the guest.1 In respect to health and fearfulness management in the mentally ill there is various legal, moral and social implications for c arers and the topical anesthetic authorities. The main question is whether the client should be moved from hospital to community care, because of their inability to care for themselves and the lack of serve and accommodation.2 In addition the reduction of be on the state to have a fleet of 24/7 on calls aftercare function and the cost of providing singular lodgment3. Detention in spite of appearance a hospital unit is the biggest breach of human one, because the freedom o f the unmarried has been taken away. In addition this may be the only avenue when the mentally infirm client refuses to take their medications and are unable to care for themselves and need 24/7 care, especially when there are no family members able to care for them because divergence them as the responsibility of the state. It is a difficult position that carers are in, but extra resources and education sufficient care in the community is possible.4 The chase news is going to explore the avocation that the local authorities hold to proffer sufficient aftercare service, carers and housing to vulnerable someones once they have left the hospital scene. It get out focus on the mentally ill, because there is a higher likelihood that housing and aftercare is needed for service users under constituent 117 of the Mental wellness Act 1983 (MHA). Prior to this a discussion of clasp and officeing under the MHA will be discussed to illustrate that their human dears may easily be b reached in the local anesthetic administration to put forward sufficient aftercare, so that the individual may be further detained in the hospital facility. chthonian particle 2 of the MHA an individual fanny be sectioned, which is detained for medical treatment on the grounds of mental illness, by an approved social pull iner or close family relative who is over 18. This means that the individuals human dear to liberty may be breached, therefore the law has to be certain that this right drive out be derogated in the fate. Under the 1983 Act the law requires that person sectioning the individual must have seen him in the last 14 geezerhood and this allows the individual to be detained for up to 28 days and the following admission procedure is adhered toTwo doctors must confirm that (a) the patient is suffering from a mental overturn of a nature or gradation that warrants detention in hospital for assessment (or assessment followed by medical treatment) for at least a limit ed period and (b) she or he ought to be detained in the interests of her or his own health or safety, or with a view to the protection of others.5As a fail safe to incorrect detentions under section 2 of the MHA the individual prat be released by the following individuals RMO hospital managers the nearest relative, who must give 72 hours notice. The RMO can prevent her or him discharging a patient by making a report to the hospital managers. Finally the MHRT. In addition The patient can apply to a tribunal within the first 14 days of detention. 6Therefore the law allows for the individual to be detained, but only if the person is honestly a threat to themselves and society, with mental illness it is highly that the person will be treated efficiently, but will need sufficient aftercare as mental health issues are usually long term. Under section 3 of the MHA it sets out the situation that the individual can be detained for otherwise the individual should be given their liberty and g iven sufficient outpatient or aftercare service. member 3(2) sets up three grounds that the individual can be detained for hospital treatment, which are(a) he is suffering from mental illness, severe mental impairment, psychopathic disorder or mental impairment and his mental disorder is of a nature or degree which makes it appropriate for him to begin medical treatment in a hospital and(b) in the case of psychopathic disorder or mental impairment, such treatment is likely to alleviate or prevent a harm of his condition and(c) it is necessary for the health or safety of the patient or for the protection of other persons that he should receive such treatment and it cannot be provided unless he is detained under this section.All three grounds must be satisfied to detain the individual in hospital, otherwise there will be a breach of the individuals right to liberty under the Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA). If hospital treatment is not warranted an application for guardianship for over 16s can be made either by the Local leave or the person seeking guardianship again as this threatens the uprightness and the right to make ones own decisions that section 7(2) of the MHA states that the following two grounds must be complied with(a) he is suffering from mental disorder, universe mental illness, severe mental impairment, psychopathic disorder or mental impairment and his mental disorder is of a nature or degree which warrants his receipt into guardianship under this section and(b) it is necessary in the interests of the welfare of the patient or for the protection of, other persons that the patient should be so received.Therefore because the integrity of the individual is at threat and guardianship can include admission into hospital that the individual must be deemed as incapable for caring for themselves. The hard grounds stops the use of detention as a cheap option for Local government activity over sufficient aftercare service still an individual can get themselves admitted if they feel the need to be hospitalized for mental illness under section 131 of the MHA. In addition this act allows the individual to stop universe discharged from the hospital, because the individual feels safe in the surroundings. As this is voluntary and the patient can decide to leave at any time this is not a breach of Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) as enacted through the HRA. Prior to moving on the supplyings of Article 5 will be discussed as this is important to ensuring that the patient is discharged from forced detainment at the soonest possible moment and sufficient aftercare provided otherwise detainment could seen by the NHS and Local Authorities as a cost cutting measure to providing housing and aftercare services.Under Article 5(1)(e) it allows the detention of persons of unsound mind on the basis of licit detention and procedure is prescribed under domestic law. The definition of unsound mind was left to an evolvi ng definition in Winterwerp v Netherlands7 however detention can not be made merely on the basis that the individuals belief corpse and behaviour are deviate from the norm. The use of detention under 5(1)(e) can only be for self-protection or the protection of the public, whereby the detention should only occur when a medical disorder by an intention medical personnel the nature and degree of the disorder is significantly extreme and the detention is only as long as the medical disorder. In Ashingdane v UK8 it was added that detention can only occur in a hospital or appropriate medical institution. The only circumstances that these requirements are weakened are with respect to emergency admissions but the detention should be properly assessed and continued detention should cease if the person is not of unsound mind9. Detention is an important bulge out of mental health treatment and it is in these cases that treatment against ones wishes will occur. The state is required to provid e an adequate level of medical treatment, including psychiatric care.10 However, the patient should be released from detainment as soon as these grounds are no longer met as per section 16 of the MHA and sufficient aftercare service provided. This is an commonwealth of great concern when providing care in the area of the mentally infirm has always posed a difficult area for carers, doctors, nurses and human rights and consent is the cardinal problem, because where does the law draw the line for treatment and incarceration into supervised care against or without the patients will? In most normal circumstances no treatment can be performed without the patients consent however how does this work if the patient has been determined mentally incapable of making quick of scent decisions and therefore unable or unwilling to give consent. If a doctor has ordered that treatment should be made the question arises whether the nurse should still proceed, as it is in the best welfare of the pa tient or withhold treatment because the patient is unable or unwilling to give consent? Prior to the impersonation of the HRA the problem of consent was a lot less murky as rights were given on the basis that there was no law restricting them, i.e. gracious liberties. Therefore if parliament deemed that that rights such as consent for medical treatment should be restricted because of ones mental health this was justification enough, as parliament is supreme. The HRA changed this because a set of inherent rights were introduced which conflicted in cases with the will and supremacy of parliament, of which the right to a private life and the liberty and security of the person came to the caput of the debate of consent and mental health, i.e. the person has the control to determine what happens to their body and freedom and this is not determined by the wishes, albeit good of parliament and using detainment as a cost effective measure and not providing a sufficient aftercare service is a breach of Article 5. In addition it breaches the statutory vocation owed by the Local Authorities and the NHS under section 117 of the MHA and section 42 of the NHS and Community attending Act 1990 (NHSCCA). The following discussion is going to explore the tariff to provide aftercare and consider whether it is being met, especially in the light of R v Ealing District wellness Authority, ex parte Fox11 where it was held under section 117 of the MHA(1) that the authority has erred in law in not attempting with all reasonable expedition and diligence to make arrangements so as to enable the applicant to comply with the conditions imposed by the mental health review tribunal(2) that a district health authority is under a occupation under section 117 of the Mental wellness Act 1983 to provide aftercare services when patient leaves hospital, and acts unlawfully in failing to seek to make practical arrangements for after-care prior to that patients discharge from hospital where su ch arrangements are required by mental health review tribunal in order to enable the patient to be conditionally discharged from hospital.Therefore the following discussion will explore these duties to provide sufficient aftercare services. In the case of the NHSCCA the case law and provisions are an amalgamation of a series of preliminary community care provisions, therefore these will be discussed and indicated to their standing within this act.Community care law and the provision of accommodation and after care services were provided as a statutory duty National Assistance Act 1948 (NAA). The NAA abolished the Poor rectitudes and imposed a duty on Local Authorities under section 21 to provide housing on those who by reason, illness, disability or any other circumstances are in need of care and attention which was not otherwise available to them. The NHSCCA amends section 21 to include nursing mother but upholds this duty to provide accommodation to the ill. This accommodation m ust be given to the individual free of charge or the Local Authority must pay for it, as they are unable to work under section 44-45 of the NHSCCA and section 117 of the MHA. As the cases of R v Manchester CC ex parte Stennet12 R v Redcar and Cleveland BC ex parte Armstrong13 and R v plow LBC ex parte Cobham14 revealed that individuals that had been detained under section 3 and no longer fulfill these grounds must be provided sufficient aftercare services under section 117 of the MHA, sections 42-50 of the NHSCCA and the health Act 1999 (HlthA) section 5 this soon not be provided at a cost to the individual. Under the NAA section 22 this charging regime did exist however this was repealed in the NHSCCA.In addition the Local Authority and primeval Care Trust it is also under a duty to provide services that are inseparable to the aftercare of the individual. Under section 29 of the NAA it was limited to only promoting other welfare arrangements, which included information, instruc tion and recreation in and outside their homes. The wording to enkindle welfare services was the downfall of the NAA because there was no obligation for the LA to provide these services, i.e. the LA has a discretion rather than a duty to provide such services.15 However the Chronically Sick and Disabled Persons Act 1970 (CSDPA) where the Local Authority were obliged to provide services, including education and recreation as well as sufficient adaptations to the home, access to holidays and meal provisions under section 2 of the CSPDA. This was confirmed in the case of R v Gloucestershire CC ex parte Barry16. air division 2 of the CSPDA has been called the finest community care statute17 the disabled or chronically ill person under the act has a right to these resources regardless of whether the Local Authority has the availability of them, they must be provided upon request. This supports and strengthens the section 21 of the NAA, now section 42 of the NHSCCA18 and section 2 of th e CSPDA. However, the NHSCCA sections 46-50 and section 117 of the MHA have enforced the obligation to provide aftercare services after being released from hospital without charge19. This was confirmed in the case of Clunis v Camden and Islington HA20. In addition the Local Authority must provide payments or grants to ensure that the individual can live comfortably once released from the hospital, this is more applicable to physically disabled individuals and is confirmed under section 46-50 of the NHSCCA, for example section 47 determines the extent of aftercare services that the individual requires(1)Subject to subsections (5) and (6) below, where it appears to a local authority that any person for whom they may provide or arrange for the provision of community care services may be in need of any such services, the authority(a)shall carry out an assessment of his needs for those services and(b)having regard to the results of that assessment, shall then decide whether his needs cal l for the provision by them of any such services.These services and the extent that they are provided are contained in a variety of acts, for example if the person requires adaptations to their home the Local Authority is under a duty to provide a grant if the individual cannot afford it. This right is saved under section 23 and 24 of the trapping Grants, Construction Regeneration Act 1996 (HGCRA). Section 23 and 24 imposes an obligation in the LA to make grants to make the necessary adaptations to their home, which is confirmed in the case of R v Birmingham CC ex parte Taj Mohammed21. If the individual needs to be housed in a special nursing home then the Local Authority is either entitled to provide the service or pay the registered nursing home for their services. This is protected under section 46 of the NHSCCA. This service should be provided efficiently and immediately and as with the Fox Case this should not be prolonged detention within a hospital. Section 50 of the NHSCCA provides the duty and guidelines for these provisions and failure to do so will result in the investigation of the Local Authority.Section 50 of the NHSCCA has tried to deal with the problems with the current care framework, which is that although healthcare is free community care and carers provisions cost the individual who needs the aid. The individual has a right for community care to be provided, but in a lot of circumstances the receipt of funds to pay or the provision of the service can be delay due to the Local Authorities and primeval Care Trusts fighting over who should foot the bill. This controversy has been risen in R (T) v Hackney22 but has not been sufficiently resolved rather the most appropriate authority must provide the care. Therefore section 50 (7)(e) states thatThe Secretary of rural area may, with the approval of the Treasury, make grants out of money provided by Parliament towards any expenses of local authorities incurred in connection with the exercise o f their social services functions in relation to persons suffering from mental illness.The problem with this is that it does not provide grants for the physically disabled, which means for these individuals aftercare services will continue to be delayed to arguments over who will be paying the bill for the cost. In respect to housing this is the duty of the Local Authority and either housing should be straightway provided or payment to a housing association or private landlord should be made. The other avenue that the Local Authority has is that the individual can receive direct payments for aftercare under the Community Care (Direct Payments) Act 1998 (CCDPA) renamed the Health and Social Care Act 2001 (HSCA). The individual with this money can pay their housing and lease an pay an appropriate carer and aftercare services. To be eligible the carer and aftercare service must be sufficiently educated to deal with the individuals needs. In limited and transcendent circumstances a f amily member can be paid carers allowance, but it must be sufficiently illustrated that this individual can meet the individuals needs as per the Direct Payments Regulations 2003 Regulation 6. If the individual is unable to deal with their own care payments then the Local Authority must provide an government agency that can deal with the aid of community care payments to be made to the carer. Under English law these agencies are called Independent User Trusts that provide the payments services for either the Local Authority or the Primary Care Trust, as supported by the cases of A v B v East Sussex.23 This system means that the aftercare services and payments are NOT being directly paid therefore this leaves the possibility that the individual will use the money for other purposes and therefore the aftercare has to be provided at extra cost to the Local Authority, because there is a duty to provide under section 117 of the MHA sections 42-50 of the NHSCCA and section 5 of the HlthA . On the firm Local Authorities do not promote the use of Direct Payments because of the limitations of not aiding mental health service users and the extra expense of the Independent User Trusts. The Local Authority is under no duty to provide Direct Payments or information about then, just the services and care that are a duty therefore the Local Authority is more likely to provide direct care services rather than payment. This is why in respect to housing the Local Authority is more likely to provide housing in housing trusts and make the payments directly to these entities, as council owned properties are less available. The duty to provide accommodation is also cemented in the Housing Act 1996 (HA), which has obligated special duties for Local Authority to provide housing in the rental celestial sphere for vulnerable adults, which includes those that come under section 117 of the MHA and sections 42-45 of the NHSCCA.There are still problems with effective community care, beca use as the Fox Case and the Stennet, Armstrong and Cobham Cases illustrated is that Local Authorities and Primary Care Trusts do not want to foot the bill for aftercare services. In the Fox Case continued hospitalization was argued for because it was cost effective, but as section 117 of the MHA states that if the individual is no longer detainable under section 3 and does not voluntarily remain under section 131 then release must occur. This duty to release and provision of sufficient community care is argued the best method for the mentally infirm and disabled.24 Gitlin Cocoran25 argue that the main health concerns are that of safety when transaction with dementia (as with other mental illnesses and the physically disabled) living at home alone or with family members and all that is needed are specific modifications to the physical environment to address these issues, and guiding principles for implementing environmental changes. This is provided under the NHSCCA, MHA and grants are available under the HGCRA, therefore there is no excuse that the individual cannot receive community care when hospitalization is not necessary. This has extra costs to the state, as the Fox Case illsustrates, in re-education and in cases of non-affordability of the adaptations however it is usually easier and more cost-efficient to hospitalize the client but it is necessary so a breach of the clients human rights. Finally, studies such as Richards et al26 and Schneider et al27 argue that care of dementia is a frequently higher standard when within the community, because it reduces depression and gives a higher quality of life. As Barnett argues the individual should have a say in the caring system and forced hospitalization should only occur if section 3 of the MHA is fulfilled.28 The law under the MHA, HlthA, NHSCCA and the HGCRA has made it a duty to the Local Authority that community resources should be made available therefore making hospitalization unreasonable and a bre ach of human rights29 however as the Fox Case has illustrated the Local Authorities will still attempt to dismiss this duty under the guise of necessary detention under the MHA or as with the Stennet, Armstrong and Cobham Cases charge the individual for their provision.30 However, as these cases have enforced there is no charge and their provision is a duty at no charge and better cohesion between Primary Care Trusts and Local Authorities needs to occur to stop the passing of the bill from one agency to another, whilst the individual is either unfairly detained or without these essential servicesJoint policies between PCTs/health authorities and social services are to be agreed to ensure the duty is met (HSC 2000/003). Where funding issues arise, and the health agencies are considering their obligation only to fund health costs under S.3 of the NHS Act 1977, regard may be had to the pooling arrangements for health and social care budgets under the Health Act 1999.31BibliographyAlzhe imers Disease Society, 1992, Safe as Houses Living alone with Dementia (A resource booklet to aid risk management) Alzheimers Disease Society capital of the United KingdomThe Alzheimers Association, 2000, Guidelines for Dignity Goals of Specialized Alzheimer/Dementia Care in residential Settings, Alzheimers Association ChicagoAntonangeli, 1995, Of Two Minds A Guide to the Care of People with the three-fold Diagnosis of Alzheimers Disease and Mental Retardation, MaldenBarnett, 2000, Including the person with dementia in designing and delivering care I need to be me Jessica Kingsley PublishersBowen, 2006, Human Rights Transforming Services, Social Care build for ExcellenceBrayne Carr, 2005, Law for Social Workers Oxford UniversityClements, 2004, Community Care and the Law London Legal Action Group (LAG)Cox, 1998, Home Solutions Housing Support for People with Dementia,The Housing Associations Charitable TrustDay et al. 2000, The Therapeutic Design of Environments for People with Dementia A Review of the Empirical Research, The Gerontologist 2000 (40)Day, 2002, The management of acute and chronic distressingness the community. Professional Nurse papers. 17(6) , Feb. 02.Department of Health, 2001, NHS Identity Guideline The Stationery OfficeDepartment of Health, 2004 Research Governance Framework Implementation Plan for Social Care DH ref 3402Gitlin Cocoran, 2000, Making Homes Safer Environmental Adaptations for People with Dementia Alzheimers Care Quarterly 1(1)Hoggett, 2002, The Family, Law and Society, LexisNexis UKGrubb, 2004, Principles of Medical Law 2nd Edition, Oxford University PressHewitt, 2004, Between Necessity and Chance, NLJ 154(7124)Mahendra, 1998, Unto the Breach, The Practioner, in the NLJ 148(6857)Mind, Outline of the Mental Health Act 1983 http//www.mind.org.uk/Information/Legal/OGMHA.htms2Mandelstan,1997, Equipment for Older or Disabled People and the LawJessica KingsleyMandelstan, 2005, Community Care Practice and the Law Jessica Kingsl eyMcDonald, 1999, Understanding Community Care A Guide for Social WorkersMacmillanMeredith, 1995, The Community Care Handbook The Reformed System Explained Age ConcernNHS, Section 12(2) of MHA 1983 Website, can be found at http//www.guideweb.org.uk/section12/section121.htmlParsons, 2003, United Kingdom Charging for Aftercare Services under s117 Mental Health Act 1983 The Final Story, RadcliffesLeBrasseur can be found at http//www.mondaq.com/article.asp?articleid=22439print=1Percy Commission, 1957 Report of the Royal Commission on the Law Relating to Mental Illness and Mental Deficiency Cmnd 169 1954-1957Richards et al, 2000, Cognitive function in UK community careAfrican Caribbean and white elders a pilot study International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 15 (7)Sandland Bartlett, 2003, Mental Health Law Policy and Practice, OxfordSchneider et al,1997, Residential care for elderly people an exploratory study of quality measurement Mental Health Research Review 4WHO, 2003, Mental Health economy and Human Rights, WHOFootnotes1 Keady, 20032 Alzheimers Association Chicago, 20003 Alzheimers Disease Association London, 19924 Antonangeli, 19955 Mind, Outline of the Mental Health Act 1983 http//www.mind.org.uk/Information/Legal/OGMHA.htms26 Mind, Outline of the Mental Health Act 1983 http//www.mind.org.uk/Information/Legal/OGMHA.htms27 (1979-80) 2 EHRR 3878 (1985) 7 EHRR 5289 Article 5(4) and Megyeri v Germany (1993) 15 EHRR 58410 The Greek Case 1969 12 Yearbook 1 Cyprus v misfire (1982) 4 EHRR 482 Keenan v UK 2001 The Times April 18th 200111 1993 1 WLR 37312 2002 2 AC 112713 2002 2 AC 112714 2002 2 AC 112715 Bowen, 200616 1997 AC 58417 Clements, 200518 R v Kensington Chelsea RLBC ex parte Kujtim 1999 2 CCLR 34019 R v Manchester CC ex parte Stennett 2002 unreported20 1998 3 AER 18021 1999 1 WLR 3322 2006 9 CCLR 5823 2003 CCLR 17724 Day et al, 200025 Gitlin Cocoran, 2000, pgs. 50-5826 Richards et al, 200027 Schneider et al, 199728 Barnett, 200029 Cox, 199830 Pa rsons, 200331 Parsons, 2003

Symptoms of the Life Changing, Psychoanalytical Phenomenon Essay

She rolls over, still completely exhausted from the minimal forty- five-minute sleep, and hits the snooze on the alarm. She can hardly force her jelly-like legs to the chilled floor. Eyes s mildly cracked, unmortgaged enough to see shapes of objects, she throws on the first clothing items she finds on her floor. Breakfast sounds revolting, but she knows she will need something to keep her going through the day, having been awake until half a dozen A.M. with thoughts of worry and obsession over problems the day is sure to bring. As she climbs into her car, she hardly notices her jacket is not zipped in the brisk winter air, and should not be brainish from lack of concentration. School is the last place she would prefer to be with no homework d integrity, she begins to worry again about her achievements she has been working towards. Upon arriving to the first class of the day, her look are already shutting as if they were automatic doors, and the stress of the babbled lecture tunes her out. After hardly making it through the day, she crawls into her bed with mountainous amounts of homework. Not caring, or able to motivate herself, she ignores the learning she was once passionate for, therefore, starting the cycle over for the following day. Does this sound familiar? What is being experienced by the learner above is generalized anxiety disorder, or GAD, and is also experienced by 3.1 percent of the United States population (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 1). This is an example of one of the various types of the growing issue of anxiety amongst humanity. Anxiety can appear in people of all genres, and also takes a varying life story deep down each individual stricken with this mental illness. Though seemingly attend toless, there are vast amounts of treatment ... ...n be sought, both seeking professional help as well as oneself. One can turn to therapy, both behavior changing and thought breaking, turning negativity in to positive life living. Alo ng with therapy, medications work wonders on an anxious mind, as well as self help solutions. In all, anxiety should not be taken lightly and needs instant attention to avoid further self-harm.Works CitedBloomfield, Harold H. M.D. Coping With Anxiety- Worry Free Life. New York Harper Collins. 1998. Web. 6 Dec. 2010.Comer, Ronald J. Fundamentals of Abnormal Psychology. 2011, 2008, 2005 by Worth Publishers. Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Anxiety Disorders Association of America. Web. 6 Dec 2010.Smith, Melinda. Anxiety Attacks and Disorders. November 2010. Web. 6 Dec. 2010.Stress and Anxiety. New York Times. Web. 6 Dec. 2010.New York Times. Web. 6 Dec. 2010.

Powerful Women of Homers Odyssey Essay -- Homer Odyssey womody

The Powerful Women of Homers Odyssey             Homers Odyssey depicts women as strong subjects-they be real substantive characters. Women in this poem are tough, strong-willed and are treated with the respect and seriousness they deserve.  Homer characterizes the women in his poem as the real counterparts of men-they have real feelings, real plans and are adequate to(p) to accomplish them on their own.         Some of the more impressive and intriguing women in the book are Nausicaa, Arete, Circe, Calypso, Penelope, Helen and Athena.          Nausicaa is a sweet girl, and on the outside she may be to just be the stereotypical woman, but, in the poem she has much more depth.  She is the daughter of a king with dreams of her wedding and other girlish fantasies. She characterizes all that is pure, sincere and righteous in the world.  Arete is Nausicaas mother is very intelligent and is independent in nature.  She is abl...

The Lottery ::

The LotteryAll people are unique in their own ways, just come contradictory characteristics such as good and evil. Some people have a soul in which the good side is more dominant, and others have a more dominant bad side. The lottery is a way for the characters in the story to reveal the hidden evil of their souls.One example of this is envisioned through the eagerness and the willingness to participate in the lottery. One of the characters says that they feel like its only been a few weeks since the last lottery, which gives the impression that the lottery is something to look send on to. This shows that the evil side of these people enjoys inflicting pain on others.Mrs. Hutchinson was eager to get to the lottery herself. She shows the evil in her character by wishing the pain that she essential live through, and perhaps even die as the outcome, on others. She does not want to accept the fact that she was chosen. Mrs. Hutchinson says that it is not fair, regarding the fi nal results of the lottery. The lottery was something she looked send on to until the outcome of the lottery was forced upon her.The entire population of the town participates in the tradition of the lottery. This shows that the whole community releases a part of their evil onto others. They are every eager to see someone beaten with rocks, however none of them want it to be them. Even the towns children were involved in the savage ritual. after Tessie Hutchinson was chosen some of the towns children gave some pebbles to her son so he too could participate in the torture of his own mother. This horrible tradition is placed into the lives of the descendants of the town, so it is passed on from generation to generation. These people are taught to let the evil inside of them loose during the lottery.The evil in the souls of the townspeople is brought out during the lottery.

Child Abuse and the Importance of Belonging Discussed in David Pelzers

A Child Called It explores the traumatic story of child abuse and how the choices made by one person affects anothers sense of belong. The story is only from one point of view as its a biography, written by the man who experienced trauma at such a tender age. David Pelzer, as a child, dealt with rejection daily and not only from his mother but classmates, teachers and finally his biggest enemy, himself.A Child Called It, as the title denotes depreciation and an im person-to-person relationship between the audience and the text, begins the biography with a dark and solemn theme as there is no definition for it therefore titling a book a child called it gives the audience the idea that the child doesnt exist, or as it tells come along in the story, a child who is treated like he doesnt exist. The author contrasts his mother in different contexts from when his mom was a good, care mute to when his mother changed into the abusive stage. Mom and Mother are used through tabu the text t o show the audience the different emotions he had carried for her. Mom is more personal and informal but suggests a close relationship between the two as it is used in the chapters that he is reminiscing about when his mom was a normal, caring mom. Mother is used in the chapters he was abused in and suggests a more distant relationship due to the formal language structure. When Mom was used, the emotions carried out towards her by David Pelzer were none other than belonging to her. When a child is told something so often they start to believe it. In this case, David Pelzer was ordered to say oer and over again Im a bad boy, Im a bad boy... which psychologically brainwashed him to believe that he was. That every time he was physicall... ...ejected, surrounding him as he says I had readymade excuses mother made for me. The ending doesnt end on a happily ever afterward note but rather a dull and gloomy tone as it is set throughout the text. Sarcasm, contrast and similes are the main language features presented in the book to evoke disgust, torment and shock throughout the audience showing them either how she saw the abusive behaviours inflicted upon him or the brainwashed excuses he learnt from his mother. Not belonging is the struggle in this text that didnt get resolved by the ending making it a dark, gloomy tone and the language features used in addition evokes a dark feeling within the reader. A Child Called It truly explores the meaning of struggling with belonging due to other peoples actions rather than their own and provides allot use of imagery to emphasise the meaning of the biography.

The Relationship Between Fashion and Lifestyle Essay -- Sociology, Dre

The relationship Between Fashion and Life callTo begin with, I shall flavor at what fashion is it is a currently popular style or practice involving clothing, footwear or accessories. It mostly refers to the current trends in looks and dressing style of a person (Cumming 234). In most cases, fashion is confusedly related to costumes when a person talks of fashion they argon seen to mean fashion in terms of textile. Fashion is seen to originate from the Western world and it is copied by otherwise places. In this paper, we shall look at how fashion affects lifestyles and the group of people who are alter most. The paper further investigates how media is used to transmit fashion from one region to the other. Although it has been seen to affect peoples lives many people have different perspectives on fashion and dressing.From a historic point of view, Western travelers had remarked on the slow pace of lifestyle and fashion throw in Turkey and Persia. On the other hand, many people we re of the opinion that the western culture is getting out of hand in terms of dressing fashion (Cumming 234). In most cases, change of fashion and dressing style took place hand in hand with economic and social changes. In the developing world, changes in fashion began with the coming of the whites in Middle East. Changes began in the 11th century when the Turks came to central Asia and Far East. In Europe, continuous change in clothing fashion is believed to have started in midriff 14th century. It started by a sudden introduction of shortening and tightening of male garments, it further brought the introduction of trousers and leggings that were worn by men (Cumming 235). After the approaching of change in men fashion, it was followed by changes in female c... ...e day according to the trends that are being observed. Recently, it has been observed that smart casuals are worn on Fridays. As a result, business companies are allowing their workers to dress-down so that they can c oalesce with their customers from other industries. As social trends are changing, the mode of dressing is continually changing. mickle are taking up the walking lifestyle hence they consider putting on suits cumbersome. In addition, there is an increasing demand for clothing fashions that are compatible with all the activities of the day.In conclusion, fashion will speak out a persons social signal, people dress on designs that blend with their social class. Just as population, social activities and fashion are changing with time. Fashion has made clothing to be convinient, everything needs to be done with the least(prenominal) effort and spend the least time.